Europe

Map for The Continent of Europe

 

 

About Continent of Europe

Europe continent (physiographic, cultural and political), the western peninsula of Eurasia, surrounded by the Arctic Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the west and the south; and on the east to the Urals, the Ural River, and the Caspian Sea, and to the southeast, including the Caucasus Mountains, the Black Sea and the waterways connecting the Black Sea to the Mediterranean Sea has about 10,180,000 square kilometers of land, 50 UN member countries with other countries, a population of 739-743 million, the third most populous after Asia and Africa where density is 72.9/sq. kilometer.

United Nations member states: Albania, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Republic of Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, Netherlands, Kingdom of the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Russia, San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom, Vatican City.

States with limited recognition: Abkhazia, Kosovo, Nagorno-Karabakh, Northern Cyprus, Transnistria / Trans-Dniester, South Ossetia.

Dependent territories: Akrotiri and Dhekelia, Faroe Islands / Faeroe Islands, Gibraltar, Guernsey, Isle of Man, Jersey.

Special areas of internal sovereignty: Åland, Northern Ireland, Svalbard.

In Europe, divisions between highland and mountainous Southern Europe and a vast, partially underwater, northern plain ranging from Ireland in the west to the Ural Mountains in the east and Coastal land, more mountainous southern regions, high Alps, Pyrenees, Carpathians through hilly uplands into broad, low to the northern plains and the North German Plain on the heart of Europe and upland arc alongwith the north-west seaboard in the western parts of the islands of Britain and Ireland, then upto the mountainous, fjord-cut spine of Norway and arable farmland, forest, pasture and tundra or bogs, alpine tundra, taiga, mountainous forest, temperate broadleaf forest, Mediterranean forest, temperate steppe, dry steppe with the Gulf Stream, temperate climate zones, milder climate and wetter and a temperate marine climate in northern Scotland gave a difference than other continental climates.

The European Neolithic period began around 7000 BC in Greece and the Balkans. The Megalithic Temples of Malta and Stonehenge were constructed throughout Western and Southern Europe. The Bronze Age began in around 3200 BC in Greece and Iron Age began in around 1200 BC.

The Industrial Revolution and the Renaissance humanism, exploration, art, and science led the "old Europe" to the modern era in 18th century, rise to radical economic, cultural, and social change with invention and implementation of new technologies give a rapid urban growth, mass employment, the first laws on child labor, the legalization of trade unions, and the abolition of slavery, and the rise of a new working class in Western Europe alongwith wider world. In between the 16th and 20th centuries, European nations controlled the Americas, most of Africa, Oceania, and the majority of Asia.

European Union and its currency Euro, is the most commonly used among Europeans and the EU's Schengen Area abolishes border and immigration controls among most of its member states give the new EU to the Europe.